My name is Holly Alpine.
I am working to address one of the most consequential, yet least-covered issue in AI and climate – not how much energy AI uses, but how it’s being used in oil & gas production.
I spent years building environmental sustainability programs at Microsoft, including co-founding a 10,000-member global sustainability employee network and founding the company’s datacenter community environmental stainability program. In January 2024, my husband, Will Alpine, and I left the company to do accountability work that couldn’t happen from inside – founding the Enabled Emissions Campaign, which I now run as Co-Founder and Director.
I am a co-author of “AI-driven productivity gains enable more CO2 emissions than they avoid in a global energy-economy model,” published in npj Climate Action, a Nature Portfolio journal (August 2026). The study found that AI-driven productivity gains in both renewable energy and fossil fuel production add 0.47 to 1.8 gigatonnes of CO2 emissions globally each year – 3-13x larger than AI datacenters’ own emissions.
Press
Coverage of the research
WALL STREET JOURNAL
AI’s Biggest Energy Impact Might Be in the Oil Patch, Not the Data Center
THE GUARDIAN
AI will do more to boost fossil fuel production than green energy
FINANCIAL TIMES
AI will boost oil and gas production more than green energy, report finds
WIRED
AI Could Help Fossil Fuel Companies Create More Emissions
AXIOS
AI could help unlock more oil – and emissions
INSIDE CLIMATE NEWS
AI Applications for Oil and Gas Companies Worsen Climate Pollution
HEATED
AI’s climate problem is worse than we thought, We asked Big Tech about AI’s fossil fuel problem. The responses were atrocious.
SIERRA CLUB
The Hidden AI Carbon Emissions That Aren’t Being Counted
Profiles & interviews
BUSINESS INSIDER
This couple quit stable Microsoft jobs over its oil and gas ties. Now they are pressuring it from the outside.
THE ATLANTIC
Microsoft’s Hypocrisy on AI
GRIST
Microsoft employees spent years fighting the tech giant’s oil ties. Now, they’re speaking out.
NATIONAL OBSERVER
Whistleblower exposes how AI fuels Big Oil growth
HEATED
He helped Microsoft build AI to help the climate. Then Microsoft sold it to Big Oil.
HEATMAP
AI Could Help Clean Up the Grid. It’s Already Finding Oil.